Concept of production efficiency

Concept of production efficiency

What is the production efficiency?

１．Activities to expand quantitative：
① Activity to improve efficiency of the equipment ・・・ Increase the volume per unit time
② Activities Improve efficiency of human ・・・Increase productivity by jig, and tool
③Up The management efficiency · · · production plan, parts tune up, improve of logistics

２． Activities to expand the qualitative ： ① activities to Improve the quality ・・・Increase the volume to reduce the failure rate ② Efforts to increase unmanning ・・・Study of conditions for unmanned operation

large loss to inhibit efficiency

①Shutdown②Product|on adlustment③Equapment fa|lure④Process fanlure⑤Normal productnon⑥Abnormal productlon⑦Ouallty defect⑧Reprocessmg

Seven large loss of equipment

①Equipment failure②Set-up & adjustment③Cutting blade change④Start-up⑤Minor stoppage & idling⑥Speed⑦Deiects

Sudden loss and chronic loss

Sudden loss correspond restore
chronic loss correspond Breakthrough

2.5 Restoration

Before restore　then Improve

Literally, the action taken to restore to the original correct condition. Every
piece at equipment changes slowly along with the lapse at time, making it
necessary to detect such changes and restore the equipment to the original, correct state.

Equipment changes unavoidably occur, although there may be differences
in the manner at their occurrence; some occur rapidly after a certain period
at time; others occur slowly. This depends on the characteristics of
equipment or its constituent parts.
it is important to specify how to measure deterioration, what is the degree
at deterioration, to be considered, what is the original, correct state, etc.

Cleaning is inspection

Cleaning is very effective as a means to check the deterioration of the equipment

 Equipment　 Ideal

Vision of equipment conditions/Equipment as

Vision of equipment conditions are the requirements to be met to put the functions and performance of equipment into full play or to maintain them at the highest level. The functions and performance of equipment can be shown and maintained at 100% and for a long time, only if the functions of the units and parts that compose the equipment are kept at desirable states
from the viewpoint of engineering principles and rules.

Vision of equipment conditions represent “sufficient conditions,” whose existence would be more desirable. Even if the conditions are not met, the equipment operation is possible unlike absolute necessity (conditions). it does not necessarily mean that each and any condition is required.

Although “necessary conditions” are maintained, “sufficient conditions”
are liable to be disregarded. To reduce seven major losses, satisfaction of the sufficient conditions is absolutely necessary, but vision of equipment conditions are not clear — in most cases they are not set. it is necessary to study each of parts, assembly parts, and portions of equipment from the following eight viewpoints:
[1] Usage-condition-related viewpoint (processing conditions, operating conditions, etc.)
[2] installation precision-related viewpoint (vibration, level, etc.)
[3] Assembling precision-related viewpoint (backlash/precision, etc., as composite body)
[4] Functional viewpoint (appropriate usage range, and the like)
[5] Environmental viewpoint (dust, heat, and others)
[6] External shape-related view (stains, flaws, biased wear, etc.)
[7] Dimensional precision-related viewpoint (required precision, surface roughness, etc.)
[8] Material/strength-related viewpoint (strength, rigidity, etc.)

Minor defects

Minor shortcomings and symptoms considered to only slightly affect　results (defects, failures, minor stoppages). in conventional views, such　defects as dust, stains, backlash, etc, have been considered negligible.

When any one of these effects occurs singly, for example, it usually has　little effect, but when many of them occur at the same time, they can result　in multiple effects, bringing about various consequences such as defects,failures, and minor stoppages.

 PM analysis

PM analysis as “a way to look into chronic malfunction phenomena by physically analyzing such phenomena based on rules

PM in this case is different from PM referring to preventive maintenance or production aintenance. Here, P has the dual meanings of phenomenon and physical, while M represents mechanism, machine, man, material, and method.

PM analysis was developed by Kunio Shirose of JIPM. He defines PM analysis as “a way to look into chronic malfunction phenomena by physically analyzing such phenomena based on rules and principles thereby making clear the mechanism of such phenomena.“
In effect, PM analysis is an attempt to physically analyze chronic malfunction phenomena, such as chronic defects and chronic failures,
based on rules and principles; to make clear the mechanism of such phenomena; and to list all the factors that are logically considered to affect
the mechanism, taking into account equipment structure, human beings,materials, and methods.
Conventional factor analysis (characteristic factor diagram), while being beneficial because of the case with which anyone can apply, nevertheless
has tended itself to the insufficient analysis of phenomena; in other words,it tends to lead to arbitrary conclusions, making it difficult to achieve zero chronic losses.
To attain zero chronic losses, PM analysis is by far more effective.

Case of ＰＭ Analysis

Analysis to component level the cause of the failure

Example ＰＭ Analysis

・・・Measures poor Outer diameter of cylindrical grinding machine

Drawing and understand the principles

ＰＭ Analysis Table

Create judgment reference and inspect

Maintenance skills

Solve the problem at the site and then
aintenance activities for the prevention of recurrences.

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